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  1. Home
  2. /Research
  3. /Clayton lenders in mobile home complaints

What Share of Manufactured Home Loan Complaints Are About Clayton's Lenders

Original analysis of 882 records from the CFPB, 2023-08-29 to 2026-10-20 (date received). Published October 22, 2026.

Download the dataKey findings

We counted all 882 published CFPB complaints filed under the manufactured home loan category from its introduction in August 2023 through October 20, 2026, and how many name a Clayton Homes lender.

What the complaint records show

21st Mortgage and Vanderbilt Mortgage and Finance, both Clayton Homes lenders owned by Berkshire Hathaway, were named in 391 of the 882 manufactured home loan complaints the CFPB published for August 29, 2023 through October 20, 2026, or 44.3%. The other 98 companies named in these complaints shared the remaining 491. Complaint counts are not adjusted for how many loans each company makes or services.

  • 44%of manufactured home loan complaints, Clayton lenders
  • 391complaints naming 21st Mortgage or Vanderbilt
  • 71%of 'struggling to pay' complaints, Clayton lenders
  1. The two most-named companies

    21st Mortgage Corporation (240 complaints, 27.2%) and Vanderbilt Mortgage and Finance (151, 17.1%) are the two companies named most often among all 100 companies in manufactured home loan complaints. Together they drew 1.6× as many complaints as the next three companies combined (243).

  2. Share rose between the two full years

    The Clayton lenders' share was 35.5% of complaints received in 2024 and 49.7% in 2025, the only full calendar years in the data. Their complaint count grew 2.4× over that period, while all manufactured home loan complaints grew 1.7×.

  3. Most 'struggling to pay' complaints name a Clayton lender

    Of the 270 complaints filed under the issue 'Struggling to pay mortgage', 193 (71.5%) named a Clayton lender. That issue makes up 49.4% of the Clayton lenders' complaints, compared with 15.7% for all other companies.

  4. No monetary relief reported by the Clayton lenders

    The Clayton lenders closed 96.4% of their complaints with an explanation and reported monetary relief in none of them. Other companies reported monetary relief in 14 complaints (2.9%).

  5. Large differences between states

    In Texas, the state with the most manufactured home loan complaints, 78 of 114 named a Clayton lender (68.4%). Among the 14 states with at least 20 complaints, the share ranged from 78.0% in Alabama to 2.7% in Maryland.

Which Lenders Get the Most Manufactured Home Loan Complaints

The table lists every company named in a manufactured home loan complaint the CFPB published for August 29, 2023 through October 20, 2026. Names are shown as the CFPB records them; 57 companies were named only once.

21st Mortgage Corporation drew the most complaints (240), followed by Vanderbilt Mortgage and Finance (151), Shellpoint Partners (104), Wells Fargo & Company (82) and Triad Financial Services (57).

21st Mortgage Corporation and Vanderbilt Mortgage and Finance are both listed as subsidiaries in Berkshire Hathaway's annual report filing; the CFPB's lawsuit describes Vanderbilt as a subsidiary of Clayton Homes, Inc., which is in turn a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway, and a Center for Public Integrity investigation calls 21st Mortgage one of Clayton's lenders. The ranking counts complaints only; it does not account for how many loans each company makes or services, so a large lender can draw more complaints simply because it has more borrowers.

In Maryland, 66 of Wells Fargo's 82 complaints (80%) came from a single ZIP code. Leaving that ZIP code out of the total would put the Clayton lenders' share at 47.9%.

Manufactured home loan complaints by company, Aug. 2023 – Oct. 2026

CompanyComplaintsShare
21st Mortgage Corporation24027.2%
Vanderbilt Mortgage and Finance15117.1%
Shellpoint Partners10411.8%
Wells Fargo & Company829.3%
Triad Financial Services576.5%
Select Portfolio Servicing242.7%
Mr. Cooper Group Inc.171.9%
LoanCare, LLC111.2%
CountryPlace Acceptance Corporation101.1%
Rocket Mortgage, LLC101.1%
Show all companies
CompanyComplaintsShare
Southwest Stage Funding101.1%
Ocwen Financial Corporation91.0%
Fay Servicing, LLC80.9%
M&T BANK CORPORATION60.7%
PNC Bank N.A.60.7%
AMERISAVE MORTGAGE CORPORATION50.6%
CrossCountry Mortgage LLC50.6%
BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION40.5%
CARRINGTON MORTGAGE SERVICES, LLC40.5%
Freedom Mortgage Company40.5%
Selene Holdings LLC40.5%
United Shore Financial Services, LLC40.5%
American Financial Resources, Inc.30.3%
BMO BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION30.3%
JPMORGAN CHASE & CO.30.3%
LAKEVIEW LOAN SERVICING, LLC30.3%
NAVY FEDERAL CREDIT UNION30.3%
Paramount GR Holdings, LLC30.3%
SOUTHSTATE BANK CORPORATION30.3%
Valon Technologies, Inc.30.3%
AXIA FINANCIAL, LLC20.2%
Aqua Finance, Inc.20.2%
CALCON MUTUAL MORTGAGE LLC DBA ONETRUST HOME LOANS20.2%
CITIBANK, N.A.20.2%
FIFTH THIRD FINANCIAL CORPORATION20.2%
Fidelity National Financial, Inc20.2%
LAKE MICHIGAN CREDIT UNION20.2%
NATIONS LENDING CORPORATION20.2%
NBT BANCORP INC.20.2%
TAMMAC HOLDINGS CORP20.2%
TD BANK US HOLDING COMPANY20.2%
TRUIST FINANCIAL CORPORATION20.2%
U.S. BANCORP20.2%
ALL WESTERN MORTGAGE10.1%
ALLIANT CREDIT UNION10.1%
ALLY FINANCIAL INC.10.1%
AMERICAN PACIFIC MORTGAGE10.1%
AMERINATIONAL COMMUNITY SERVICES, INC.10.1%
AMERIS BANCORP10.1%
Acra Intermediate Holdings, LLC10.1%
Ashwood TD Services LLC10.1%
BANCFIRST CORPORATION10.1%
BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON CORPORATION, THE10.1%
BEAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION10.1%
BROKER SOLUTIONS, INC.10.1%
CCF Intermediate Holdings LLC10.1%
CENTRAL BANCOMPANY, INC10.1%
CLAYTON AUTOS, INC10.1%
CMG Financial Services, Inc.10.1%
Capstone Credit & Collection, LLC.10.1%
Dovenmuehle Mortgage, Inc.10.1%
EASTERN BANKSHARES INC10.1%
ECN Platinum LLC10.1%
EUSTIS MORTGAGE CORPORATION10.1%
Edge Home Finance, LLC10.1%
FB FINANCIAL CORPORATION10.1%
FIRST HORIZON BANK10.1%
First Choice MH LLC10.1%
Geneva Financial, LLC, Chandler, AZ Branch10.1%
Guild Holdings Company10.1%
HUNTINGTON NATIONAL BANK, THE10.1%
Hanson Capital LLC10.1%
KEYCORP10.1%
LD Holdings Group, LLC10.1%
MortgagePros, LLC10.1%
NFM, INC10.1%
OneMain Finance Corporation10.1%
Open Dealer Exchange, LLC10.1%
Origen Financial Services LLC10.1%
Own Up Holdings, Inc.10.1%
PENNYMAC LOAN SERVICES, LLC.10.1%
PLANET HOME LENDING, LLC10.1%
RELIANCE FIRST CAPITAL LLC10.1%
REMAX10.1%
RoundPoint Mortgage Servicing LLC10.1%
SANTANDER HOLDINGS USA, INC.10.1%
SECURITY FINANCE CORP10.1%
SERVICEMAC, LLC10.1%
SFMC L.P.10.1%
SN SERVICING CORPORATION10.1%
STATE EMPLOYEES’ CREDIT UNION10.1%
Specialized Loan Servicing Holdings LLC10.1%
TOP FLITE FINANCIAL INC10.1%
Taproot Financial, LLC10.1%
Transform Credit Inc.10.1%
UNITED SERVICES AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION10.1%
VYSTAR CREDIT UNION10.1%
Village Capital & Investment LLC10.1%
WESTSTAR MORTGAGE CORPORATION10.1%
WINCHESTER SELLERS FOSTER & STEELE PC10.1%

Download this table (CSV)

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How the Clayton Lenders' Share Has Changed

The CFPB added manufactured home loan as a mortgage sub-product to its complaint form in August 2023, so 2024 and 2025 are the only full calendar years. The 2023 bar covers August 29, 2023 to December 31; the 2026 bar runs through October 20, 2026.

The share was 35.5% in 2024 and 49.7% in 2025. For the partial year 2026, through October 20, 2026, it stood at 47.3%, with 156 of 330 complaints.

Between 2024 and 2025, complaints naming 21st Mortgage rose 2.4× and those naming Vanderbilt 2.4×. The two lenders account for 69.5% of the increase in manufactured home loan complaints from 2024 to 2025. The data do not show whether the growth reflects more problems, more borrowers or wider use of the new complaint category.

Clayton lenders' share of manufactured home loan complaints by year

  • 202325.5%14 of 55 complaints · Aug 29 - Dec 31 (partial)
  • 202435.5%65 of 183 complaints · full year
  • 202549.7%156 of 314 complaints · full year
  • 202647.3%156 of 330 complaints · Jan 1 - Oct 20 (partial)

Download this table (CSV)

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Calendar year of the date the CFPB received the complaint. 2023 and 2026 are partial years.

What Manufactured Home Loan Complaints Are About

Consumers choose one issue when they file a complaint. The chart shows, for each issue, the share of complaints that named 21st Mortgage or Vanderbilt.

The Clayton lenders account for 71.5% of complaints from borrowers struggling to pay their loan and 34.8% of complaints about trouble during the payment process, the most common issue overall.

'Struggling to pay mortgage' is the issue the Clayton lenders' complaints cite most often, 49.4% of the total, while complaints about other companies most often concern trouble during the payment process (45.8%). The issue categories describe what the consumer selected; the CFPB does not verify the allegations.

Share of manufactured home loan complaints naming a Clayton lender, by issue

  • Trouble during payment process34.8%120 of 345 complaints
  • Struggling to pay mortgage71.5%193 of 270 complaints
  • Closing on a mortgage22.7%32 of 141 complaints
  • Applying for a mortgage or refinancing an existing mortgage31.4%27 of 86 complaints
  • Incorrect information on your report59.1%13 of 22 complaints
Show all issues
  • Problem with a company's investigation into an existing problem20.0%2 of 10 complaints
  • Improper use of your report60.0%3 of 5 complaints
  • Credit monitoring or identity theft protection services0.0%0 of 1 complaint
  • Problem with fraud alerts or security freezes0.0%0 of 1 complaint
  • Unable to get your credit report or credit score100.0%1 of 1 complaint

Download this table (CSV)

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How Clayton's Lenders Respond to CFPB Complaints

Companies report to the CFPB how they closed each complaint. The table compares the two Clayton lenders with all other companies named in manufactured home loan complaints.

The Clayton lenders closed 96.4% of their complaints with an explanation, against 91.4% for other companies, and reported monetary relief in none.

Other companies reported monetary relief in 14 complaints. Of the complaints naming a Clayton lender, 12 were still marked as in progress in the data as imported. A response category reflects what the company reported; the CFPB does not verify whether the response resolved the problem.

Company responses to manufactured home loan complaints

ResponseClaytonOtherAll
Closed with explanation96.4%91.4%826
In progress3.1%2.4%24
Closed with monetary relief0.0%2.9%14
Closed with non-monetary relief0.5%2.0%12
Untimely response0.0%1.2%6

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Where Clayton Lenders Draw the Most Complaints

The state is the one the consumer gave. Complaints came from 42 states and territories; the table lists all of them.

Texas had the most manufactured home loan complaints (114), and 68.4% of them named a Clayton lender. Among the 14 states with at least 20 complaints, the share was highest in Alabama (32 of 41) and lowest in Maryland.

In 5 of the 14 states with at least 20 complaints, the Clayton lenders were named in more than half. Maryland ranks second by total complaints (73) largely because of the cluster of Wells Fargo complaints from one ZIP code. Many states have small totals, so a few complaints can move a state's share considerably, and the figures do not account for how many manufactured homes are financed in each state.

Manufactured home loan complaints by state, Aug. 2023 – Oct. 2026

StateComplaintsClaytonShare
Texas1147868.4%
Maryland7322.7%
Florida611931.1%
North Carolina532241.5%
South Carolina462860.9%
California451226.7%
Georgia421535.7%
Alabama413278.0%
Tennessee381744.7%
Louisiana302273.3%
Michigan301550.0%
Mississippi301653.3%
Kentucky231147.8%
Oklahoma20735.0%
Illinois19631.6%
Show all states
StateComplaintsClaytonShare
New York19736.8%
Arizona17529.4%
Indiana17635.3%
Washington17211.8%
Arkansas151173.3%
Virginia15640.0%
Oregon1317.7%
Ohio12650.0%
Pennsylvania12325.0%
West Virginia12541.7%
Minnesota1010100.0%
Nevada8450.0%
Colorado7685.7%
Missouri6350.0%
New Mexico66100.0%
Wisconsin5120.0%
Iowa4125.0%
New Jersey4125.0%
Idaho300.0%
Connecticut200.0%
District of Columbia2150.0%
Kansas2150.0%
Maine200.0%
Utah2150.0%
Vermont200.0%
Not given11100.0%
Montana11100.0%
North Dakota100.0%

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Download the Data and Cite This Study

Every table as a CSV file and in one Excel workbook, a short PDF summary and every chart as an image, free to reuse with attribution (CC BY 4.0).

  • Company responses to CFPB manufactured home loan complaints, Clayton lenders vs. other companiesHow companies closed published manufactured home loan complaints received August 29, 2023 to October 20, 2026, as a share of each group's complaints. · 5 rows · CSV, 1 KB
  • CFPB manufactured home loan complaints by company, Aug. 29, 2023 – Oct. 20, 2026Every company named in a published CFPB complaint with the sub-product manufactured home loan received between August 29, 2023 and October 20, 2026, with its complaint count and share of all such complaints. · 100 rows · CSV, 7 KB
  • CFPB manufactured home loan complaints by issue and Clayton lenders' share, Aug. 2023 – Oct. 2026Published manufactured home loan complaints by the issue the consumer selected, with the number and share naming 21st Mortgage or Vanderbilt Mortgage. · 10 rows · CSV, 1 KB
  • CFPB manufactured home loan complaints by state and Clayton lenders' share, Aug. 2023 – Oct. 2026Published manufactured home loan complaints by the state the consumer gave, with the number and share naming 21st Mortgage or Vanderbilt Mortgage. · 43 rows · CSV, 1 KB
  • Clayton lenders' share of CFPB manufactured home loan complaints by year, 2023-2026Published manufactured home loan complaints per calendar year of receipt and the number naming 21st Mortgage or Vanderbilt Mortgage; 2023 and 2026 are partial years. · 4 rows · CSV, 1 KB
  • All tables in one Excel workbookOne sheet per table plus an About sheet with sources, method and citation · Excel (.xlsx), 18 KB
  • Summary to print or forward (3 pages)Short answer, key figures, main chart, findings, method and citation · PDF, 252 KB

Charts for your story

Free to publish with a link to this page (CC BY 4.0). Each chart carries its source line. PNG, 2400 × 1350 pixels.

  • Bar chart: Manufactured home loan complaints by company, Aug. 2023 – Oct. 2026 (Complaints). 21st Mortgage Corporation: 240; Vanderbilt Mortgage and Finance: 151; Shellpoint Partners: 104. Source: Settlement Insight.

    Manufactured home loan complaints by company, Aug. 2023 – Oct. 2026

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  • Column chart: Clayton lenders' share of manufactured home loan complaints by year. 2023: 25.5%; 2026: 47.3%. Source: Settlement Insight.

    Clayton lenders' share of manufactured home loan complaints by year

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  • Bar chart: Share of manufactured home loan complaints naming a Clayton lender, by issue. Unable to get your credit report or credit score: 100.0%; Struggling to pay mortgage: 71.5%; Improper use of your report: 60.0%. Source: Settlement Insight.

    Share of manufactured home loan complaints naming a Clayton lender, by issue

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  • Bar chart: Company responses to manufactured home loan complaints (Clayton). Closed with explanation: 96.4%; In progress: 3.1%; Closed with non-monetary relief: 0.5%. Source: Settlement Insight.

    Company responses to manufactured home loan complaints

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How to cite

Goldberg, L. (2026). Clayton Homes Lenders in CFPB Manufactured Home Loan Complaints — Share, Companies, Issues and States (Aug. 2023 – Oct. 2026) [Data set]. Settlement Insight. https://settlementinsight.com/research/clayton-homes-lenders-manufactured-home-loan-complaints

BibTeX
@dataset{goldberg_2026_clayton_homes_lenders_manufactured_home_loan_complaints,
  author    = {Goldberg, Leonard},
  title     = {Clayton Homes Lenders in CFPB Manufactured Home Loan Complaints --- Share, Companies, Issues and States (Aug. 2023 -- Oct. 2026)},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Settlement Insight},
  url       = {https://settlementinsight.com/research/clayton-homes-lenders-manufactured-home-loan-complaints}
}

Journalists and researchers: you are welcome to use these figures and charts. Please link to this page as the source.

How We Measured

Data come from the CFPB Consumer Complaint Database as imported into our database on October 21, 2026. The database contains complaints the CFPB sent to companies for a response and then published; it carries no consumer names. Our count matches the CFPB's own complaint search for the same filter exactly (882 complaints, queried October 22, 2026).

Checked against published figures

  • Published CFPB complaints with product Mortgage and sub-product Manufactured home loan, received August 29, 2023 to October 20, 2026 (CFPB complaint search API, same filter): published 882, our count 882 (exact match).Consumer Complaint Database API: manufactured home loan complaints, Aug. 29, 2023 – Oct. 20, 2026
  • Mortgage complaints (all sub-products) received in 2025 and sent to companies for response: published 25,300, our count 24,697 (2.38% apart).Consumer Response Annual Report, January 1 – December 31, 2025
Full method and limits of the data

We kept complaints with the product 'Mortgage' and the sub-product 'Manufactured home loan' that the CFPB received from August 29, 2023, the first date with this sub-product in the data, through October 20, 2026. The CFPB added the sub-product to its complaint form in August 2023; before that, complaints about manufactured home loans were filed under other mortgage sub-products and cannot be separated. Each published complaint is counted once.

A complaint counts toward the Clayton lenders when the CFPB company name is '21ST MORTGAGE CORP.' or 'VANDERBILT MORTGAGE & FINANCE, INC'. Companies with similar names that are not part of Clayton Homes, such as Clayton Holdings LLC, are not included. The share is the number of complaints naming either lender divided by all 882 manufactured home loan complaints in the period.

As a check on the database, our count of all mortgage complaints received in 2025 (24,697) is 2.4% below the rounded figure of 25,300 mortgage complaints the CFPB says it sent to companies that year; the CFPB does not publish complaints that companies return as Alerted CFPB, and it does not reconcile the two figures.

What this data cannot tell you

  • Complaints are not a measure of lending volume or misconduct. The data do not show how many manufactured home loans each company makes or services, so a company with a large loan portfolio may draw more complaints simply because it has more borrowers. The CFPB states that its database is not a statistical sample of consumers' experiences.
  • The sub-product depends on what the consumer selected. In the same period, the two Clayton lenders were named in 165 further mortgage complaints filed under other sub-products, 130 of them as conventional home mortgages; some may concern manufactured homes but are not counted here, and the same applies to other companies.
  • The CFPB publishes a complaint only after the company responds or a waiting period has passed, so complaints received in the last weeks before October 20, 2026 can still be added; the most recent complaint in the data was received on October 14, 2026. Counts for 2026 are therefore incomplete and are not compared with full years.
  • Rows are published complaints, not distinct borrowers. One consumer can file several complaints, and 66 of the complaints naming Wells Fargo came from one ZIP code. The public file has no consumer identifier, so repeat filers cannot be removed.
  • Complaints describe allegations that the CFPB does not verify. The CFPB's 2025 lawsuit against Vanderbilt was voluntarily dismissed with prejudice in February 2025, and the complaint data say nothing about whether any lender broke the law.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who owns 21st Mortgage and Vanderbilt Mortgage?

Both are subsidiaries of Berkshire Hathaway. Berkshire lists 21st Mortgage Corporation, Vanderbilt Mortgage and Finance and Clayton Homes among its subsidiaries, and the CFPB's lawsuit describes Vanderbilt as a subsidiary of Clayton Homes, Inc., which is in turn a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway. Reporting by the Center for Public Integrity and The Seattle Times describes 21st Mortgage as one of Clayton's lenders.

How many complaints does 21st Mortgage have with the CFPB?

The CFPB published 240 manufactured home loan complaints naming 21st Mortgage Corporation received from August 29, 2023 through October 20, 2026, 27.2% of all such complaints and more than any other company.

How many complaints does Vanderbilt Mortgage have?

Vanderbilt Mortgage and Finance was named in 151 manufactured home loan complaints the CFPB published for August 29, 2023 through October 20, 2026, or 17.1%, the second-highest count of any company.

What was the CFPB lawsuit against Vanderbilt Mortgage about?

On January 6, 2025, the CFPB sued Vanderbilt, alleging that it originated manufactured home loans without a reasonable, good-faith determination that borrowers could repay, in violation of the Truth in Lending Act and Regulation Z. On February 27, 2025, the CFPB voluntarily dismissed the case with prejudice.

What do people complain about with manufactured home loans?

The most common issue is trouble during the payment process (345 complaints), followed by struggling to pay the loan (270). The Clayton lenders account for 71.5% of the struggling-to-pay complaints.

How many manufactured home loan complaints does the CFPB get?

The CFPB published 882 manufactured home loan complaints received from August 29, 2023 through October 20, 2026, including 314 received in 2025. The category has existed on the complaint form only since August 2023.

Sources

  • Consumer Complaint Database — Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
  • Consumer Complaint Database API: manufactured home loan complaints, Aug. 29, 2023 – Oct. 20, 2026 — Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
  • Consumer Response Annual Report, January 1 – December 31, 2025 — Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
  • Consumer complaint form product and issue options (August 2023) — Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
  • Enforcement action: Vanderbilt Mortgage & Finance, Inc. — Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
  • Complaint, CFPB v. Vanderbilt Mortgage and Finance, Inc. (E.D. Tenn.) — Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
  • Berkshire Hathaway Inc., Subsidiaries of Registrant (Exhibit 21 to the annual report on Form 10-K for 2025) — U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (EDGAR)
  • A look at Berkshire Hathaway's response to 'mobile home trap' investigation — Center for Public Integrity
  • Independent analysis. Settlement Insight is not a law firm and not affiliated with any agency named here. Analysis by Leonard Goldberg, Editor. How we work: methodology, our data.

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