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  1. Home
  2. /Statute of Limitations

Statute of Limitations by State

Filing deadlines for personal injury, medical malpractice, wrongful death, and product liability — all 50 states plus DC, with citations to the actual statute. Miss the deadline and even a strong case is dead, so understand both the SOL and any state-specific statute of repose before you delay.

Reviewed by Leonard Goldberg, Editor · Last updated May 15, 2026 · What is an SOL?

Important: This page is general legal information, not legal advice. Deadlines have many exceptions (tolling, discovery rules, minors). Always confirm with a licensed attorney in your state before relying on a deadline.
StatePersonal InjuryPIMedical MalpracticeMed MalWrongful DeathWDProduct LiabilityPL
Alabama
2 yr
Ala. Code § 6-2-38
2 yr
Ala. Code § 6-5-482
4-year repose
2 yr
Ala. Code § 6-5-410
2 yr
Ala. Code § 6-2-38
Alaska
2 yr
AS § 09.10.070
2 yr
AS § 09.10.070
Discovery rule applies
2 yr
AS § 09.55.580
2 yr
AS § 09.10.070
Arizona
2 yr
A.R.S. § 12-542
2 yr
A.R.S. § 12-542
No statute of repose (Constitution Art. 2 §31)
2 yr
A.R.S. § 12-542
2 yr
A.R.S. § 12-542
Arkansas
3 yr
Ark. Code § 16-56-105
2 yr
Ark. Code § 16-114-203
3 yr
Ark. Code § 16-62-102
3 yr
Ark. Code § 16-116-103
California
2 yr
CCP § 335.1
1 (discovery) or 3 (injury), earlier
CCP § 340.5
Dual trigger
2 yr
CCP § 335.1
2 yr
CCP § 335.1
Colorado
2 yr
C.R.S. § 13-80-102
3 yr for auto
2 yr
C.R.S. § 13-80-102.5
3-yr repose
2 yr
C.R.S. § 13-80-102
2 yr
C.R.S. § 13-80-106
Connecticut
2 yr
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584
2 yr
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-584
3-yr repose
2 yr
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-555
3 yr
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-577a
10-yr repose
Delaware
2 yr
10 Del. C. § 8119
2 yr
18 Del. C. § 6856
3-yr repose
2 yr
10 Del. C. § 8107
2 yr
10 Del. C. § 8119
District of Columbia
3 yr
D.C. Code § 12-301(8)
3 yr
D.C. Code § 12-301(8)
2 yr
D.C. Code § 16-2702
3 yr
D.C. Code § 12-301(8)
Florida
2 (was 4)
Fla. Stat. § 95.11
HB 837 cut 4→2 in 2023
2 yr
Fla. Stat. § 95.11(4)(b)
4-yr repose; 7-yr for fraud
2 yr
Fla. Stat. § 95.11(4)(d)
4 yr
Fla. Stat. § 95.11(3)
12-yr repose
Georgia
2 yr
O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33
2 yr
O.C.G.A. § 9-3-71
5-yr repose
2 yr
O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33
2 yr
O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33
10-yr repose
Hawaii
2 yr
HRS § 657-7
2 (discovery) or 6 (act)
HRS § 657-7.3
2 yr
HRS § 663-3
2 yr
HRS § 657-7
Idaho
2 yr
Idaho Code § 5-219
2 yr
Idaho Code § 5-219(4)
2 yr
Idaho Code § 5-219
2 yr
Idaho Code § 6-1403
Illinois
2 yr
735 ILCS 5/13-202
2 yr
735 ILCS 5/13-212
4-yr repose
2 yr
740 ILCS 180/2
2 yr
735 ILCS 5/13-213
10–12-yr repose
Indiana
2 yr
Ind. Code § 34-11-2-4
2 yr
Ind. Code § 34-18-7-1
Strict occurrence
2 yr
Ind. Code § 34-23-1-1
2 yr
Ind. Code § 34-20-3-1
10-yr repose
Iowa
2 yr
Iowa Code § 614.1(2)
2 yr
Iowa Code § 614.1(9)
6-yr repose
2 yr
Iowa Code § 614.1(2)
2 yr
Iowa Code § 614.1(2A)
15-yr repose
Kansas
2 yr
K.S.A. § 60-513
2 yr
K.S.A. § 60-513(c)
4-yr repose
2 yr
K.S.A. § 60-513
2 yr
K.S.A. § 60-513
Kentucky
1 yr
KRS § 413.140
Tightest SOL in U.S.
1 yr
KRS § 413.140
1 yr
KRS § 413.180
1 yr
KRS § 413.140
Louisiana
1 yr
La. Civ. Code Art. 3492
Civil law: "prescription"
1 yr
La. R.S. 9:5628
3-yr repose
1 yr
La. Civ. Code Art. 2315.2
1 yr
La. Civ. Code Art. 3492
Maine
6 yr
14 M.R.S. § 752
Longest standard SOL
3 yr
24 M.R.S. § 2902
3 yr
18-C M.R.S. § 2-807
6 yr
14 M.R.S. § 752
Maryland
3 yr
Md. Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101
3 (discovery) or 5 (injury), earlier
Md. Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-109
3 yr
Md. Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 3-904
3 yr
Md. Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-101
Massachusetts
3 yr
M.G.L. ch. 260, § 2A
3 yr
M.G.L. ch. 231, § 60D
7-yr repose
3 yr
M.G.L. ch. 229, § 2
3 yr
M.G.L. ch. 260, § 2A
Michigan
3 yr
MCL § 600.5805
2 yr
MCL § 600.5805
6-yr repose
3 yr
MCL § 600.5805
3 yr
MCL § 600.5805
Minnesota
6 yr
Minn. Stat. § 541.05
2 (cut from 4)
Minn. Stat. § 541.076
SF3489 Aug 2025
3 yr
Minn. Stat. § 573.02
6 yr
Minn. Stat. § 541.05
Mississippi
3 yr
Miss. Code § 15-1-49
2 yr
Miss. Code § 15-1-36
7-yr repose
3 yr
Miss. Code § 11-7-13
3 yr
Miss. Code § 15-1-49
Missouri
5 yr
Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120
2 yr
Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.105
10-yr repose
3 yr
Mo. Rev. Stat. § 537.100
5 yr
Mo. Rev. Stat. § 516.120
Montana
3 yr
Mont. Code § 27-2-204
3 yr
Mont. Code § 27-2-205
5-yr repose
3 yr
Mont. Code § 27-2-204
3 yr
Mont. Code § 27-2-204
Nebraska
4 yr
Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-207
2 yr
Neb. Rev. Stat. § 44-2828
10-yr repose
2 yr
Neb. Rev. Stat. § 30-810
4 yr
Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-224
Nevada
2 yr
NRS § 11.190
3 (injury) or 1 (discovery), earlier
NRS § 41A.097
2 yr
NRS § 11.190
2 yr
NRS § 11.190
New Hampshire
3 yr
RSA § 508:4
3 yr
RSA § 508:4
6 yr
RSA § 556:11
3 yr
RSA § 508:4
New Jersey
2 yr
N.J.S.A. § 2A:14-2
2 yr
N.J.S.A. § 2A:14-2
AOM required
2 yr
N.J.S.A. § 2A:31-3
2 yr
N.J.S.A. § 2A:14-2
New Mexico
3 yr
N.M. Stat. § 37-1-8
3 yr
N.M. Stat. § 41-5-13
3 yr
N.M. Stat. § 41-2-2
3 yr
N.M. Stat. § 37-1-8
New York
3 yr
CPLR § 214(5)
2.5
CPLR § 214-a
Lavern's Law cancer exception
2 yr
EPTL § 5-4.1
3 yr
CPLR § 214(5)
North Carolina
3 yr
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52
3 yr
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-15(c)
4-yr repose; Rule 9(j) cert
2 yr
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-53
3 yr
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52
12-yr repose
North Dakota
6 yr
N.D.C.C. § 28-01-16
2 yr
N.D.C.C. § 28-01-18(3)
6-yr repose
2 yr
N.D.C.C. § 28-01-18
6 yr
N.D.C.C. § 28-01-16
10-yr repose
Ohio
2 yr
R.C. § 2305.10
1 yr
R.C. § 2305.113
4-yr repose; affidavit
2 yr
R.C. § 2125.02
2 yr
R.C. § 2305.10
Oklahoma
2 yr
12 Okla. Stat. § 95
2 yr
76 Okla. Stat. § 18
2 yr
12 Okla. Stat. § 1053
2 yr
12 Okla. Stat. § 95
Oregon
2 yr
ORS § 12.110
2 yr
ORS § 12.110(4)
5-yr repose
3 yr
ORS § 30.020
2 yr
ORS § 30.905
10-yr repose
Pennsylvania
2 yr
42 Pa.C.S. § 5524
2 yr
42 Pa.C.S. § 5524
7-yr repose
2 yr
42 Pa.C.S. § 5524
2 yr
42 Pa.C.S. § 5524
Rhode Island
3 yr
R.I.G.L. § 9-1-14
3 yr
R.I.G.L. § 9-1-14.1
3 yr
R.I.G.L. § 10-7-2
10 yr
R.I.G.L. § 9-1-13
Longest in U.S.
South Carolina
3 yr
S.C. Code § 15-3-530
3 yr
S.C. Code § 15-3-545
6-yr repose
3 yr
S.C. Code § 15-3-530
3 yr
S.C. Code § 15-3-530
South Dakota
3 yr
SDCL § 15-2-14
2 yr
SDCL § 15-2-14.1
3 yr
SDCL § 21-5-3
3 yr
SDCL § 15-2-14
Tennessee
1 yr
Tenn. Code § 28-3-104
1 yr
Tenn. Code § 29-26-116
3-yr repose
1 yr
Tenn. Code § 28-3-104
1 yr
Tenn. Code § 28-3-104
6/10-yr repose
Texas
2 yr
Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003
2 yr
Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 74.251
10-yr repose
2 yr
Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003
2 yr
Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003
15-yr repose
Utah
4 yr
Utah Code § 78B-2-307
2 yr
Utah Code § 78B-3-404
4-yr repose
2 yr
Utah Code § 78B-2-304
2 yr
Utah Code § 78B-6-706
6-yr repose
Vermont
3 yr
12 V.S.A. § 512
3 yr
12 V.S.A. § 521
2 yr
14 V.S.A. § 1492
3 yr
12 V.S.A. § 512
Virginia
2 yr
Va. Code § 8.01-243
2 yr
Va. Code § 8.01-243
10-yr repose
2 yr
Va. Code § 8.01-244
2 yr
Va. Code § 8.01-243
Washington
3 yr
RCW § 4.16.080
3 yr
RCW § 4.16.350
8-yr repose
3 yr
RCW § 4.16.080
3 yr
RCW § 7.72.060
West Virginia
2 yr
W.Va. Code § 55-2-12
2 yr
W.Va. Code § 55-7B-4
10-yr repose
2 yr
W.Va. Code § 55-7-6
2 yr
W.Va. Code § 55-2-12
Wisconsin
3 yr
Wis. Stat. § 893.54
3 yr
Wis. Stat. § 893.55
5-yr repose
3 yr
Wis. Stat. § 893.54
3 yr
Wis. Stat. § 893.54
15-yr repose
Wyoming
4 yr
Wyo. Stat. § 1-3-105
2 yr
Wyo. Stat. § 1-3-107
2 yr
Wyo. Stat. § 1-38-102
4 yr
Wyo. Stat. § 1-3-105

Six Things That Change the Deadline

1. Discovery Rule

In most states, the SOL clock starts when you discover the injury (or reasonably should have) — not when it actually happened. Critical for med-mal, asbestos, and product cases where harm shows up years later.

2. Statute of Repose

A hard outer deadline that runs from the act itself, regardless of discovery. A 4-year repose on med-mal kills cases discovered 5+ years after the surgery — even with the discovery rule. Repose vs SOL →

3. Minors / Incapacity

Most states toll (pause) the SOL until a minor turns 18 or an incapacitated person regains capacity. Med-mal tolling for minors is often shorter (e.g., to age 8 or 10 in many states).

4. Fraudulent Concealment

If the defendant hid the wrongful conduct, most states toll the SOL until the concealment is discovered. Doctrine of estoppel applies.

5. Pre-Suit Notice & Affidavit of Merit

Many states require pre-suit notice (e.g., 90 days in CA CCP §364) or an affidavit of merit filed with the complaint. Some statutes toll the SOL during the notice period; others don't. Get this wrong and the case dies on a technicality.

6. Government Defendants

Suing a state, city, or federal agency triggers a separate, much shorter notice-of-claim deadline (often 90–180 days) before the underlying SOL even matters. Federal Tort Claims Act: 2-year claim filing + 6-month suit window after denial.

Already past the SOL?

You may still have options: ask a local attorney about discovery-rule tolling, equitable estoppel, fraudulent concealment, or whether the statute of repose is the harder bar. The earlier you ask, the more options you have.

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